डॉ. बी. आर. अम्बेडकर विश्‍वविद्यालय दिल्ली
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University Delhi
Established by The Government of NCT of Delhi

Programme Coordinator: Dr. Kshama Divedi

1. Does the course connect to, build on or overlap with any other courses offered in AUD?

The course builds upon Geometry & Perspective–I and complements Drawing–II, Composition–II, Painting, and Design. It strengthens students' understanding of advanced perspective systems, spatial construction, and architectural representation. The course supports studio practice without overlapping with other practical courses.

2. Specific requirements on the part of students who can be admitted to this course: None (Pre-requisites; prior knowledge level; any others – please specify)

Students should have successfully completed Geometry & Perspective–I or possess equivalent knowledge of basic perspective and geometric construction. This course is intended for Second Semester BVA students.

3. No. of students to be admitted (with justification if lower than usual cohort size is proposed):

Usual cohort size as approved for the Bachelor of Visual Arts (BVA) programme.

4. Course scheduling (semester; semester-long/half-semester course; workshop mode; seminar mode; any other – please specify):

Semester-long, Mode: Studio-based Practical Course

5. How does the course link with the vision of AUD?

Geometry & Perspective–II supports the vision of Ambedkar University Delhi by promoting analytical thinking, creativity, technical precision, and interdisciplinary learning. The course enables students to understand complex spatial relationships and apply perspective principles to visual representation, architecture, and design, encouraging both observation and creative interpretation.

6. How does the course link with the specific programme(s) where it is being offered?

This is a Core Practical Course of the Bachelor of Visual Art programme. It extends the concepts introduced in Geometry & Perspective–I by developing advanced perspective drawing skills required for Painting, Design, Architecture-based studies, Illustration, and other studio practices..

Course Description:

Geometry & Perspective–II is a core practical course offered in the second semester of the Bachelor of Visual Arts programme. The course extends the concepts introduced in Geometry & Perspective–I by focusing on advanced systems of spatial representation, including two-point perspective, three-point perspective, aerial perspective, and architectural perspective. Students develop analytical and observational skills required to construct complex visual spaces with accuracy and depth.

Through studio-based exercises, measured drawings, and observational studies, students learn to represent architectural forms, landscapes, and built environments while understanding the relationship between geometry, scale, proportion, and visual perception. The course strengthens technical competence and prepares students for advanced studies in drawing, painting, design, architecture, and visual communication.

Course Objectives:

The course aims to:

• Develop an advanced understanding of geometric construction and perspective systems.
• Enable students to construct accurate spatial representations using two-point and three-point perspective.
• Introduce atmospheric (aerial) perspective for creating visual depth.
• Apply perspective principles to architectural and environmental drawings.
• Strengthen analytical observation, spatial reasoning, and technical drawing skills.
• Prepare students for advanced studio practice in visual arts and design..

Course Outcomes:  At the end of the course students will be able to:

CO1	Demonstrate advanced understanding of perspective principles and geometric construction.
CO2	Construct accurate drawings using two-point and three-point perspective systems.
CO3	Apply aerial perspective techniques to create depth and atmosphere in visual compositions.
CO4	Produce architectural and environmental drawings with correct proportion and spatial organization.
CO5	Analyse and solve complex spatial drawing problems through observation and technical skills.

Modules and Readings

Module 1   (Lecture Hours Weeks 1–4)	Module Name: Two-Point Perspective This module introduces the principles of two-point perspective, where objects are viewed from an angle and converge towards two vanishing points. Students will construct geometric solids, furniture, interiors, and simple architectural forms while understanding depth, scale, proportion, and spatial organization.   Suggested Readings  Readings (with page numbers): Norling, Ernest R. Perspective Made Easy. Dover Publications, pp. 35–72. Ching, Francis D.K. Architectural Graphics. Wiley, pp. 82–126. Robertson, Scott. How to Draw. Design Studio Press, pp. 42–96. Lauer, David & Pentak, Stephen. Design Basics. Cengage Learning, pp. 95–132.
Module 2 (Lecture Hours Weeks 5–7)	Module Name: Three-Point Perspective This module develops students' understanding of three-point perspective by introducing an additional vanishing point to represent height and dramatic viewpoints. Students will create drawings of buildings, towers, and urban structures while learning scale, proportion, and dynamic spatial representation. Suggested Readings  Readings (with page numbers): Robertson, Scott. How to Draw. Design Studio Press, pp. 97–152. Norling, Ernest R. Perspective Made Easy. Dover Publications, pp. 73–110. Ching, Francis D.K. Design Drawing. Wiley, pp. 48–90. Ocvirk, Otto G. et al. Art Fundamentals. McGraw-Hill, pp. 145–188.
Module 3 (Lecture Hours Weeks 8–11)	Module Name:  Aerial Perspective This module explores atmospheric perspective and its role in creating depth through tone, colour, texture, and clarity. Students will study landscapes and natural environments while understanding visual perception. Suggested Readings  Readings (with page numbers): Gurney, James. Color and Light. pp. 98–136 Ruskin, John. The Elements of Drawing. pp. 112–148 Mason, Antony. Drawing Nature. pp. 44–76 Lauer, David & Pentak, Stephen. Design Basics. pp. 180–201
Module 4 (Lecture Hours Weeks 12–15)	Module Name: Architectural Perspective This module focuses on applying advanced perspective principles to architectural spaces. Students will prepare perspective drawings of buildings, streets, interiors, and heritage structures using appropriate construction techniques. Suggested Readings  Readings (with page numbers): Ching, Francis D.K. Architecture: Form, Space, and Order. pp. 92–140 Robertson, Scott. How to Draw. pp. 160–198 Koolhaas, Rem. Elements of Architecture. pp. 45–82 Norling, Ernest R. Perspective Made Easy. pp. 91–112