डॉ. बी. आर. अम्बेडकर विश्‍वविद्यालय दिल्ली
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University Delhi
Established by The Government of NCT of Delhi

a. Summary:

“Without memory no identity of Person/ Nation and without past no future”; The Conservation is essential tool to provide longevity to the cultural continuity and prosperity of a nation or world. The preservation of Cultural Heritage is one of the important aspects for any nation to use as a soft tool for diplomacy, national pride and one of the pivotal sources of tourist attraction and major part contributing in GDP of the nation. Heritage management, education and training become one of the major thrust in all over world but in South Asian countries are too behind from other developed countries. Therefore this course has been introduced at AUD i.e. Unique in its kind with blending of multidisciplinary approaches at par on NEP 2020. MA Conservation preservation and Heritage management Program. It is important paradigm shift in advance studies in Conservation of Cultural Heritage Management.

The course will focus on studying the role of Conservator/ Heritage Manager in the field of Archeology, Museology, Tourism and Conservation etc. The Topics will be covered overjoyed over all aspects of tools, techniques, method, machine and material used in Construction/Conservation of heritage building.

Objectives:

• To introduce students about, the idea, origin and anatomical study of the architecture, material, method, techniques and their use in Heritage buildings.
• To understand the indigenous knowledge system, procurement, process, transportation of building material, interlocking, spanning, support system and building material their uses.
• To understand inherent technological and execution process, achievement and critical analysis for preservation of heritage building.
• To introduce students to different design and their influencing factor of architectural heritage.
• To understand the different support system of a building.
• Holistic Understanding of Monuments and Sites.
• Develop core understanding of Heritage Management.

b. Expected learning outcomes:

At the end of the course students should be able to:

• Identify the different spanning systems, techniques and design pattern of the building
• Analysis the building material for appropriate documentation and diagnosis of the building.
• Mitigate the mechanical, physical and any kind of failure of the Heritage structure.
• Enable    to    undertake    all    types    of    Documentation              related               to Conservation.
• Read and comprehend a professionally published research paper in the area of Architectural style and Heritage Study.
• Risk assessment and Disaster preparedness’ of the monument and sites.
• Maintainability of heritage structure/site on international standard.

C.Overall structure (course organisation, rationale of organisation; outline of each module):

The course will start with the basics idea of Architecture, Building material, Tools Techniques from Prehistory to Post Colonial Architecture. The course also covers Area conservation of Pre-historical, Proto-historical Historical /Archaeological sites. The overall material to be covered is split in to four modules as follows:

• Concept, Principle, Design and Support system of Architecture/ Building.
• Engineering, Techniques and structural components of Heritage Building.
• Spanning, Support, Foundation, and Temporary support system.
• Procurement,    Analysis,    Classification    and    uses    of   Building/ Decorative Material.

The readings for the course will be a combination of textbooks, articles and link of study material. The books followed will be as follows:

Compulsory reading:

1. Ashurst,J.-         Stone Masonary

• Brick, Teracotta, Earth
• Mortar, Plaster, Renders
• Metal , Butterworth Heinemann series.

D.K Ching Visual Dictionary of Architecture. John Wiley & Sons, Inc Singapore.mited.

CPWD, Civil Engineering Handbook. CPWD Publications, New Delhi.

• https://kashanu.ac.ir/Files/Content/9781856175197_Materials_ for_Architects_and_Builders.pdf
• https://archive.org/details/Aravindctmt_AncientBuildingMateri alsInIndia
• https://scroll.in/magazine/845662/ten-indian-architects-who- are-harnessing-traditional-wisdom-to-build-the-homes-of-the- future
• https://thecsrjournal.in/indigenous-tech-earth-materials- sustainable-architecture/ 

Palladio, A. (2002). The four books on architecture. Mit Press.

Foqué, R. (2010). Building knowledge in architecture. Asp/Vubpress/Upa.

Ching, F. D., & Eckler, J. F. (2012). Introduction to architecture. John Wiley & Sons.https://worldbamboo.net/wbcx/Sessions/Theme%20Architectur e%20Engineering%20Social%20Housing/Manjunath,%20Neela m.pdfhttps://journals.openedition.org/abe/10893.Time to time also provide relevant material on the topic.

Suggested follow-up/complementary readings:

• Gurcharan Singh, Building Planning Designing and Scheduling. Standard Publishers Distributors, New Delhi.
• Agor R,    Elements Of Civil Engineering (Basic Civil Engineering ). Khanna Publishers, New Delhi.
• Gurcharan Singh, Building Materials. Standard Publishers Distributors, New Delhi.
• Menon, A.G.K & B.K. Thapar , Historic Towns and Heritage Zones, New Delhi.
• R. Nath      Jharokha: An Illustrated Glossary of Indo Muslim Architecture 979- 8651583607
• Muni Budhu,Soil Mechanics and Foundations. John Wiley & Sons.
• Stephen Emmitt, John Olie, Peter Schmid, Principles of Architectural Detailing. Wiley-Blackwell; 1st edition (April 9, 2004)
• Eric Fleming, Construction Technology - An Illustrated Introduction [buildings, architecture]. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
• Edward Allen, Joseph Iano, Fundamentals of Building Construction: Materials And Methods, 7th Edition.Wiley publication.
• S. Keoki Sears, Glenn A. Sears, Richard H. Clough, Jerald L. Rounds, Robert O. Segner, Construction Project Management. Wiley publication.

Contents (week wise plan with readings):

Basic concepts, principle, design and technology of Architectural Heritage, Functional requirements and influencing factors, engineering systems, and the integration of various building and supports systems.

Readings:

• Chudley, R., & Greeno, R. (2006). Building construction handbook. Routledge.
• Allen, E., & Iano, J. (2019). Fundamentals of building construction: materials and methods. John Wiley & Sons.
• Sushil Kumar, Building Construction & Engineering. Standard Publishers Distributors, New Delhi.
• Batra N.L. Heritage Conservation: Preservation and Restoration of Monuments . Aryan Books International (1 January 1997)
• Menon, A.G.K & B.K. Thapar, Historic Towns and Heritage Zones, New Delhi. Intach, New Delhi.
• K. K. Chitkara, Construction project management : planning, scheduling and controlling, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company.

Basic Principles and concepts of construction engineering and technology, Interrelated nature of structures, construction and environmental system,

Structural forms and arches, slabs, plates, beams, curved surface structures, Applied Forces , loads and structural technology.

Readings:​​​​​​​

• DeMarco, T. (1979). Structure analysis and system specification. In Pioneers and Their Contributions to Software Engineering: sd&m Conference on Software Pioneers, Bonn, June 28/29, 2001, Original Historic Contributions (pp. 255-288). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
• Barthes, R., & Duisit, L. (1975). An introduction to the structural analysis of narrative. New literary history, 6(2), 237-272.
• Beckmann, Poul, Bowles, Rober Alice, Structural aspects of building conservation., Routledge
• Fleming Eric, Construction Technology: an illustrated introduction, Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
• ​​​​​​​John Burton-Page, Indian Islamic Architecture Forms and Typologies, Sites and Monuments.Brill. https://brill.com/view/title/14595.

Structural analysis, Sub structure: Foundation, walls, piers and columns ,Super structure Beams, arches, vaults, domes, Super structure Brackets, Chhatris, Door, Windows, Balconies etc., and Farmwork : centring, scaffolding (wood and steel ) trusses and frames, joints and joining .

Readings:

• ​​​​​​​C. W. Yu, Dr. John W. Bull, Durability of Materials and Structures in Building and Civil Engineering. Whittles Publishing https://www.amazon.in/Durability-Materials- Structures-Building-Engineering/dp/084939239X.
• B Richardson, Defects and Deterioration in Buildings : a Practical Guide  to the Science  and  Technology of Material.Routledge.https://www.routledge.com/Defects-and- Deterioration-in-Buildings-A-Practical-Guide-to-the- Science/Richardson/p/book/9780367397524.
• ​​​​​​​​​​​​​​Feilden, B.M. & J.Jokilehto, (n.d.) : Management Guideline for World Cultural Heritage Sites, UNESCO. https://www.iccrom.org/publication/management-guidelines- world-cultural-heritage-sites.
• Katharina Weiler, Niels Gutschow (eds.), Authenticity in Architectural Heritage Conservation: Discourses, Opinions, Experiences in Europe, South and East Asia.
• Grenville, J. (ed.), Managing the Historic Rural Landscape, London and  New York.

Material Analysis Nature, Properties and specification of building Material, Lime–– types, manufacturing process, and uses, Cement and concrete for external rendering, physical and chemical properties, permeability, Stones other building materials and finishes- wood, mud, clay etc. History of use of architectural material, Mortars used in architectural heritage , Structural material, timber–causes of decay etc. Decorative architectural material.

This unit introduces about the nature , properties and specification of the building material procurement, processing and uses as structural members, bonding material and Decorative uses in Heritage structures, Physical, Chemical and Mechanical analysis of the building material from raw to final finish product of the uses of building material in structure..

Readings:​​​​​​​

• Claudio Modena, F. da Porto, M.R. Valluzzi,Brick and Block Masonry: Proceedings of the 16th International Brick and Block Masonry Conference, Padova, Italy, 26-30 June 2016.
• J. Ashurst D Arch, Conservation of Building and Decorative Stone.
• Günter Pfeifer, Rolf Ramcke, Joachim Achtziger, Konrad Zilch,Masonry Construction Manual.
• T. K. Datta, Seismic Analysis of Structures
• Gere, James Monroe, Goodno, Barry J, Mechanics of materials.
• Subramanian. R, Strength of materials. https://www.amazon.in/Strength- Materials-R-Subramanian/dp/0199464731.

Note : During teaching period material also supplement at advance level.

Suggested Assessment Plan:

Final grades could be based on two exams and class presentations based on field research in the area of domain. The second exam could be after the presentation incorporating questions based on the syllabus covered.

Total Marks theory 100

Three Internal assessment = 50Marks Division of marks as follows

One Internal assessment 30 marks .. Presentation  20 marks

At End term Assignment based evaluation =50

Long answer

Pedagogy:

• Instructional strategies: Classroom lectures, presentations, video screenings, Customised series of Videos related to the subject field visit, seminar and workshop etc.
• Special needs (facilities, requirements in terms of software, studio, lab, clinic, library, classroom/others instructional space; any other – please specify): Classroom with an ICT enabled class room, Pen Tab, with steaming and recording facilities.
• Expertise in AUD faculty or outside : AUD Faculty
• Linkages with external agencies (e.g., with field-based organizations, ASI, State Archaeology, Ministry of Tourism, Ministry of Culture, Ministry of Defence, Delhi administration school, public school, and different organisation of Film industry as well as Corporate houses)